暨南大学-341基础英语【2019】考研真题
2023-06-21
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2019 年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）
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学科、专业名称：日语语言文学
研究方向：
考试科目名称：241 基础英语
考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
Part I Cloze (10 points)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the
corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
A new WHO report on Air pollution and child health is being launched on the eve of WHO’s first
ever Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health. It __1__ that when pregnant women are __2__
to polluted air, they are more likely to give __3__ prematurely, and have small, low birth-weight
children. Air pollution __4__ impacts neurodevelopment and cognitive ability and can __5__ asthma,
and childhood cancer. Children who have been exposed to high __6__ of air pollution may be at
greater risk for chronic diseases__7__ cardiovascular disease later in life.
“Polluted air is __8__ millions of children and ruining their lives,” says Dr Tedros Adhanom
Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General. “This is inexcusable. Every child should be able to breathe
__9__ air so they can grow and __10__ their full potential.”
One reason why children are __11__ vulnerable to the effects of air pollution is that they breathe
more rapidly than adults and __12__ absorb more pollutants.
They also live __13__ to the ground, where some pollutants __14__ peak concentrations – at a time
__15__ their brains and bodies are still developing.
Newborns and young children are also more susceptible to __16__ air pollution in homes __17__
regularly use polluting fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting
Air Pollution is stunting our children’s brains, __18__ their health in more ways than we suspected.
But there are many straight-forward ways to reduce __19__ of dangerous pollutants. WHO is
supporting implementation of health-wise policy measures like accelerating the switch __20__ clean
cooking and heating fuels and technologies, promoting the use of cleaner transport, energy-efficient
housing and urban planning.
1. A. reveals B. regains C. rehearses D. reconciles
2. A. explored B. exposed C. exhausted D. excluded
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3. A. rise B. promotion C. birth D. life
4. A. either B. each C. nevertheless D. also
5. A. trace B. trigger C. determine D. deliver
6. A. numbers B. figures C. percentages D. levels
7. A. in addition B. such as C. instead of D. rather than
8. A. regulating B. proving C. poisoning D. imprisoning
9. A. pure B. clean C. special D. universal
10. A. fulfill B. breed C. create D. produce
11. A. ironically B. critically C. particularly D. evenly
12. A. so B. or C. but D. as
13. A. nearer B. closer C. easier D. shorter
14. A. reform B. reduce C. record D. reach
15. A. where B. when C. while D. whereas
16. A. household B. homemade C. housekeeping D. housecraft
17. A. that B. where C. this D. what
18. A. effecting B. influencing C. affecting D. reflecting
19. A. transmissions B. emissions C. missions D. transformations
20. A. on B. in C. out D. to
Part II Reading Comprehension
Section A (40 points)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should
decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Human Beings are odd creatures sometimes. For some reason, every culture on Earth has its own sets
of superstitions. In every culture around the world there is a set of beliefs held by the people that have
nothing to do with reason or knowledge but are based on luck, prophecy or folklore that will influence
future events.
One of the most widespread superstitious beliefs is that the number 13 is unlucky. So pervasive is this
notion that many hotels and office buildings in Europe and the United States do not have a room
number 13.
In Scandinavian mythology there were 12 Aesir or gods living in relative harmony until the god Loki
came among them, making the 13th. Loki was cruel and evil, and according to the myths, he took
special delight in causing human misfortunes. Because he was evil, and because he was the 13th
member of the hierarchy of the gods, the number 13 came to be looked upon as an omen of ill luck.
Another explanation for the origin of this superstition also comes from Scandinavian mythology,
which states the winged Valkyries, who waited to escort the heroes fallen in battle to Valhalla, were
13 in number.
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The most popular explanation for the superstition surrounding the number 13 is that there were 12
apostles and their master Jesus who partook of the Last Supper, Judas Iscariot being represented as the
13th guest.
According to Christian tradition, Judas betrayed his master after they had observed the Passover meal.
Judas later hanged himself because of his guilt, and he was said to be damned for all time as his
punishment.
It has long been a matter of etiquette in France to avoid having exactly 13 guests at a dinner or party.
Napoleon wouldn't allow a dinner to begin if there were 13 guests at the table. There is a custom of
the "quartrozieme", a professional guest who can be called on short notice to avoid having only 13
people dining at a dinner party. Although the superstition of 13 guests is not quite so strong in the
United States, President Herbert Hoover would not permit a gathering of 13 while he was in the White
House. President Franklin D Roosevelt had the same superstition, and it is said that his personal
secretary was often called upon to be the 14th guest at a dinner party.
21. Which of the following statements is true?
A. All the countries in the world have the same superstitions.
B. Superstitions are based on personal experiences.
C. There are some superstitious beliefs in every culture.
D. Superstitions have great influence on future events.
22. How many stories are presented to explain the origin of the superstition of number 13?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
23. According to the passage, ________________.
A. there were 14 members having the Passover meal, including Judas
B. Jesus had the Passover meal with his 13 apostles
C. Judas betrayed Jesus and was killed by other apostles
D. Judas betrayed Jesus and killed himself out of guilt
24. Which American President believed the superstition of 13 guests?
A. Napoleon and Herbert Hoover.
B. Napoleon and Franklin D Roosevelt.
C. Herbert Hoover and Franklin D Roosevelt.
D. Franklin D Roosevelt and John F Kennedy.
25. In writing this passage, the author intends to ________________.
A. criticize the widespread of superstitions
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2019年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A卷）********************************************************************************************学科、专业名称：日语语言文学研究方向：考试科目名称：241基础英语考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。PartICloze(10points)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD....
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