山东科技大学-211翻译硕士英语【2016】考研真题
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2023-06-21
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Part I Reading Comprehension (2*25=50 points)
Directions: There are five passages in this section. Each passage is followed by
some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices
marked A, B, C and D. Decide on the best choice.
Passage 1
Taste is such a subjective matter that we don’t usually conduct preference
tests for food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference is that it’s one
person’s opinion. But because the two big cola companies--Coca-Cola and Pepsi
Cola--are marketed so aggressively, we have wondered how big a role taste
preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged
people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your
brand in a blind tasting.
We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola or
Pepsi, Diet Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they’d have no
trouble telling their brand from the other brand.
We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers.
Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas
for one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each
sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare
the participants’ choices with what mere guesswork could have accomplished.
Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought,
for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of
19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trails.
The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse--only 7 out of 27 identified all four
samples correctly.
While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the
participants in each group make the wrong choice two or more times. Two people
got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the
last round of tasting as on the first, so fatigue, or taste burnout, was not a factor.
Our preference test results suggest that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke
fans may really be ale to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.
1. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to ______.
A. find out the role taste preference plays in a person’s drinking.
B. reveal which cola is more to the liking of the drinkers.
C. show that a person’s opinion about taste is mere guesswork
D. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks
2. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show ______.
A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two most favorite drinks
B. there is not much difference in taste between Coco-Cola and Pepsi
C. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from Pepsi
D. people’s tastes differ from one another
3. It is implied in the first paragraph that ______.
A. the purpose of taste test is to promote the sale of colas
B. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companies
C. the competition between the two coals is very strong
D. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans
4. The underlined word “burnout”(Line 3, Para.5) here refers to the state of
______.
A. being seriously burnt in the skin
B. being unable to burn for lack of fuel
C. being badly damaged by fire
D. being unable to function because of excessive use
5. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to ______.
A. show that taste preference is highly subjective
B. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategy
C. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas
D. a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
Passage 2
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This
might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved
that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you
are “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your
cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during
the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has
discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: “Get up,
John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is
that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family
quarreling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean,
and which cycle each member of the family has. You can’t change your energy
cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman
believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late
anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than
you want to. If our energy is low in the morning but you have an job to do early in
the day, rise before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get
up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn
and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the
floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night
before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks
requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
6. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably ______.
A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
7. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
A. Unawareness of energy cycles
B. Familiar monologues
C. A change in a family member’s energy cycle
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members
8. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he
should______.
A. change his energy cycle B. overcome his laziness
C. get up earlier than usual D. go to bed earlier
9. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will ______ .
A. help to keep your energy for the day’s work
B. help you to control your temper early in the day
C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
10. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A. Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.
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PartIReadingComprehension(2*25=50points)Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Decideonthebestchoice.Passage1Tasteissuchasubjectivematterthatwedon’tusuallyconductpreferencetestsforfood.Th...
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