2020年考研英语二真题及答案
2023-06-28
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2020 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语二）试题
Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark
A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Being a good parent is, of course, what every parent would like to be. But
defining what it means to be a good parent is undoubtedly very 1 , particularly since
children respond differently to the same style of parenting. A calm, rule-following
child might respond better to a different sort of parenting than, 2 , a younger sibling.
3 , There’s another sort of parent that s a bit easier to 4 : a patient parent.
Children of every age benefit from patient parenting. Still, 5 every parent would like
to be patient, this is no easy 6. Sometimes parents get exhausted and frustrated and
are unable to maintain a 7 and composed style with their kids. I understand this.
You’re only human. and sometimes your kids can 8 you just a little too far. And
then the 9 happens: You lose your patience and either scream at your kids or say
something that was a bit too 10 and does nobody any good. You wish that you could
11 the clock and start over, We’ve all been there:
12 , even though it’s common, it’s important to keep in mind that in a single
moment of fatigue. you can say something to your child that you may 13 for a long
time. Ibis may not only do damage to your relationship with. your child but also 14
your child’s self-esteem.
If you consistently lose your 15 with your kids. then you are inadvertently
modeling a lack of emotional control for your kids. We are all becoming increasingly
aware of the 16 of modeling tolerance and patience for the younger generation. This
is a skill that will help them all throughout life. In fact, the ability to emotionally
regulate or maintain emotional control when 17 by stress is one of the most
important of all life’s skills
Certainly, it’s incredibly 18 to maintain patience at all times with your children. A
more practical goal is to tr to the best of your ability, to be as tolerant and composed
as you can when faced with 19 situations involving your children. I can promise you
this: As a result of working toward this goal. you and your children will benefit
and 20 from stressful moments feeling better physically and emotionally.
1. [A] tedious [B] pleasant [C] instructive [D] tricky
2. [A] in addition [B] for example [C] at once [D] by accident
3. [A] fortunately [B] occasionally [C] accordingly [D] eventually
4. [A] amuse [B] assist [C] describe [D] train
5. [A] while [B] because [C] unless [1)] once
6. [A] answer [B] task [C] choice [D] access
7. [A] tolerant [B] formal [C] rigid [D] critical
8. [A] move [B] drag [C] push [D] send
9. [A] mysterious [B] illogical [C] suspicious [D] inevitable
10. [A] boring [B] naive [C] harsh [D] vague
11. [A] turn back [B] take apart [C] set aside [D] cover up
12. [A] overall [B] instead [C] however [D] otherwise
13. [A] like [B] miss [C] believe [D] regret
14. [A] raise [B] affect [C] justify [D] reflect
15 [A] time [B] bond [C] race [D] cool
16. [A] nature [B] secret [C] importance [D] context
17. [A] cheated [B] defeated [C] confused [D] confronted
1L [A] terrible [B] hard [C] strange [D] wrong
19. [A] trying [B] changing [C] exciting [D] surprising
20.[A] hide [B] emerge [C] withdraw [D] escape
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing
A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)
Text 1
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others
so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid. To find out if
this extends to non-living beings, Loleh Quinn at the University of California, San
Diego, and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic
rats.
They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one social anti one
asocial—for 5 our days. The robots rats were quite minimalist, resembling a chunkier
version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.
During the experiment, the social robot rat followed the living rats around,
played with the same toys, and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.
Meanwhile, the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side
Next, the researchers tapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the
opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.
Across 18 trials each, the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to
set the social robot free than the asocial one. This suggests that the rats perceived
the social robot as a genuine social being. They may have bonded more with the
social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.
This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier, and wanting
the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.
The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its
minimal design. The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple
plastic box on wheels. “We’d assumed we’d have to give it a moving head and tail,
facial features, and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat, but that wasn’t
necessary,” says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia, who
helped with the research.
The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues, even when they come
from basic robots. Similarly, children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,
even when they display
only simple social signals.” We humans seem to be fascinated by robots, and it
turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.
21. Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can
[A] pickup social signals from non-living rats
[B] distinguish a friendly rat from a hostile one
[q attain sociable traits through special training
[D] send out warming messages to their fellow
22. What did the social robot do during the experiment?
[A] It followed the social robot.
[B] It played with some toys.
[C] It set the trapped Tats free.
[D]It moved around alone.
23.According to Quinn, the rats released the social robot because they
[A] tried to practice a means of escape
[B] expected it to do the same in return
[C] wanted to display their intelligence
[D]considered that an interesting game
24. James Wiles notes that rats______
[A]can remember other rat’s facial features
[B] differentiate smells better than sizes
[C] respond more to cations than to looks
[D]can be scared by a plastic box on wheels
25. It can be learned from the text that rats______
[A] appear to be adaptable to new surroundings
(B] are more socially active than other animals
[C] behave differently from children in socializing
[D] are more sensitive to social cues than expected
Text 2
It is fashionable today to bash Big Business. And there is one issue on which the
many critics agree: CEO pay. We hear that CEOs are paid too much (or too much
relative to workers), or that they rig others’ pay, or that their pay is insufficiently
related to positive outcomes. But the more likely truth is CEO pay is largely caused
by intense competition.
It is true that CEO pay has gone up—top ones may make 300 times the pay of
typical workers on average, and since the mid- l970s, CEO pay for large publicly
traded American corporations has, by varying estimates, gone up by about 500% The
typical CEO of a top American corporation—from the 350 largest such
companies—now makes about $18.9 million a year.
While individual cases of overpayment definitely exist, in general, the
determinants of CEO pay are not so mysterious and not so mired in corruption. In
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2020年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试（英语二）试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:ReadthefollowingtextChoosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Beingagoodparentis,ofcourse,whateveryparentwouldliketobe.Butdefiningwhatitmeanstobeagoodparentisundoubtedlyvery1,particularlysincechildrenresp...
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