北京科技大学-240单独考试英语【2014】考研真题
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北 京 科 技 大 学
2014 年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
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试题编号： 240 试题名称： 单独考试英语 （共 10 页）
适用专业： 单独考试各专业
说明： 所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
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Part I: Vocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 point each)
Section A
Directions: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence
there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D. Choose the ONE that best
completes the sentence and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. If you your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.
A. lessen B. moderate C. dismiss D. overcome
2. The professor's argument was reasonable, but the audience did not agree with his
conclusion.
A. suspiciously B. seemingly C. critically D. theoretically
3. I suppose I'll have to look for a job；I'll either have to find a rich wife or starve.
A．otherwise B. that's why C. else D. on the other hand
4. Many photographers prefer to take pictures when they can take advantage of the
special effects of the setting sun.
A．at twilight B. at noon C. in the morning D. in the fall
5. The finance question must be answered with in order to relieve the investors' fears of
fraud.
A．accuracy B. exactness C. precision D. correction
6. The survival of some wild animals is not very high as they are ruthlessly hunted for
their skins.
A．ratio B. proportion C. rate D. scale
7. So far as he could，John had always tried to the example he saw in Lincoln.
A．live up to B. set forth C. call for D. cut out
8. The students gradually a knowledge of the subject.
A．acquired B. attained C. achieved D. obtained
9. He didn't openly attack the plan, but his opposition was in his failure to say anything
in support of it.
A. explicit B. implicit C. decisive D. obvious
10. The newly-built bridge that the river is convenient to the people living in this area.
A．traverses B. spans C. protects D. overlooks
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Section B
Directions: In this section, there are ten sentences with one word or phrase
underlined each. Choose one of the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps
the meaning of the sentence if it is substituted for the underlined word.
11. She didn't openly attack the plan，but her opposition was implicit in her failure to say anything
in support of it.
A．explicit B. obvious C. decisive D. underlying
12. When he was very young，he was afflicted with paralysis.
A．troubled B. bothered C. influenced D. stricken
13. She was still writing away furiously when the bell went.
A．continually B. hard C. easily D. continuously
14. A good dictionary is indispensable for learning English.
A. indifferent B. indivisible C. essential D. elective
15. The severe earthquake damaged buildings as well as public or personal property in them.
A．materials B. substances C. possessions D. qualities
16. At first I wasn't able to identify my brother in the crowd as he had changed so much since his
departure.
A．make up B. make out C. make for D. make in
17. Some people persist in the practice of some very old customs or traditions just because they
enjoy doing so.
A．endure B. support C. stick to D. continue in
18. The teacher told stories about Washington and Lincoln in respect to the importance of being
honest.
A．in connection with B. in case of
C．along with D. together with
19. Being infamous for his dishonesty in business matters，the man had few friends.
A．fresh B. immediate C. notorious D. famous
20. He was very careful in whatever he did lest something unfavourable might be written into his
record.
A．if only B. for fear that C. unless D. otherwise
Part II Cloze Test (20 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer
from the choices given below. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by
drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the
brackets.
It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands
of everyday perceptions, the bases __21__ the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and
skills are to be __22__ in our past experience, which are brought into the present __23__ memory.
Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep __24__ available for later use. It includes not
only "remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also any change in the way an
animal typically behaves. Memory is __25__ when a rat gives up eating grain because he has
sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-ole child
learns to swing a baseball bat.
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Memory __26__ not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and
machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting
to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer __27__ that of a human being. The
instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100 000 "words"--ready for __28__
use. An average American teenager probably recognizes the meanings of about 100 000 words of
English. However, this is but a fraction of the total __29__ of information which the teenager has
stored. Consider, for example, the number of facts and places that the teenager can recognize on
sight. The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.
A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and __30__ of words.
21. A. of B. to C. for D. on
22. A. keep B. found C. sought D. stored
23. A. by B. from C. with D. in
24. A. experiences B. bases C. observations D. information
25. A. called B. taken C. involved D. included
26. A. exists B. appears C. affects D. seems
27. A. to B. with C. against D. for
28. A. progressive B. instructive C. instant D. protective
29. A. deal B. number C. mount D. amount
30. A. combinations B. connections C. co-ordinations D. collections
Part III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes, 40 points)
Section A (30 points, 1.5 points each)
Directions: In this part there are four passages followed by questions or
unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one
you think is the best answer and mark your choice on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:
All along the chain of biological evolution, the extinction of species appears to have been a
stage in the process of adapting genetic lineages to changing environmental conditions. Although
some catastrophic extinction occurred naturally, producing total loss of a genetic line, such
catastrophes were comparatively rare. In modern times, however, human activities have altered the
fundamental nature of this process, resulting in nearly total genetic losses.
It is not difficult to gain general agreement that man-induced increases in the endangerment
and extinction of wildlife-whether due to habitat alteration or loss, pollution, insufficiently
regulated hunting, or other factors -are undesirable. It is, however, more difficult to obtain
consensus when consideration is given to the economic costs of correcting such trends, including
natural habitat preservation, regulation of pesticides and other toxic substances, and wildlife and
park management. Endangered species often are, in effect, competitors with humans for habitat
and other resources which also provide other kinds of human uses and needs.
Measures needed to protect endangered species vary considerably in difficulty and cost. Of
the approximately 400 invertebrate species which at present appear to be threatened, for example,
about one-third could probably be restored by such inexpensive means as modifying the
boundaries of designated natural areas, acquiring and protecting caves and other small areas which
contain the particular species, and additional management of parks and refuges.
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1北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：240试题名称：单独考试英语（共10页）适用专业：单独考试各专业说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。=====================================================================================================...
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