浙江财经大学681综合英语2012年考研真题
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2012年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
科目代码：681 科目名称：综合英语
答案请写答题纸上
Part I READING COMPREHENSION (50 MIN, 50 points)
In this section there are five reading passages followed by a total of 25
multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and finish the multiple choices.
Text A
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to
remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often
accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act
without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when
all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing.
There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam's
bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see
that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his
bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must
determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must
make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem
clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decides that his
bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At
this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can
talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for
a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put
oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or
loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem.
Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees
something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly
sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He
immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
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Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that
afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.
1. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Six Stages for Repairing Sam's Bicycle.
B. Possible Ways to Problem-solving.
C. Necessities of Problem Analysis.
D. Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem.
2. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except_________.
A. recognize and define the problem
B. look for information to make the problem clearer
C. have suggestions for a possible solution
D. find a solution by trial or mistake
3. By referring to Sam' s broken bicycle, the author intends to_________.
A. illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B. discuss the problems of his bicycle
C. tell us how to solve a problem
D. show us how to analyze a problem
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. People do not analyze the problem they meet.
B. People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C. People may learn from their past experience.
D. People can not solve some problems they meet.
5. As used in the last sentence, the phrase "in short" means________.
A. in the long run
B. in detail
C. in a word
D. in the end
Text B
Fast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a
plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a
more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but
growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food
stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more,
analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry
leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent
hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is
selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and
KFC.
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"It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a
professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States
fast food has reached a saturation point because of the number of competitors
and the number of outlets."
Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996, according to
industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from the
levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute,
consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly
double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share
slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997.
"Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said
Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They
are pressed for time. Money is still an issue…but their tastes are increasingly
diverse--whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."
Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population--and the growth in the
number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children--has meant a surge in
the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation
"will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave
home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting
group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in
the next l 0 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining
out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors..., but our definitions of fast and
cheap may be changing."
Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing
market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new
outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't
want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant
chain last October amid a slump in US market share.
6. What does the passage mainly tell about?
A. Fast food disappoints consumers.
B. People prefer less expensive food.
C. McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.
D. Fast food is losing its attraction.
7. What can we learn from the passage?
A. O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.
B. The number of supermarkets doubles.
C. Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fast
food.
D. McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.
8. What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?
摘要：
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第1页共17页2012年攻读浙江财经学院硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：681科目名称：综合英语答案请写答题纸上PartIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(50MIN,50points)Inthissectiontherearefivereadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof25multiple-choicequestions.Readthepassagesandfinishthemultiplechoices.TextAPeopledonotanalyzeeveryproblemtheymeet.Sometimestheytrytorememberaso...
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