温州大学621英语基础2018年考研真题
2024-01-21
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2018年硕士研究生招生考试试题
科目代码及名称: 621 英语基础 适用专业：英语语言文学
（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）
Part One Blank-filling (本节共20 分)
For each blank in the following passage you are requested to fill in only ONE word.
Fast and Dirty
Food delivery is a booming business. Waste is piling up, too. Three couriers in hard helmets
cram into an office lift in Beijing—one clad in red, one in yellow and one in blue. The trios are
dispatching food that was purchased online through China’s most popular meal-ordering firms,
which (1) urban roads every midday with their colorful delivery people on electric bicycles.
Delivery fees as (2) as three yuan ($0.46) have helped to transform urban lunch-hours. But the
booming business is also fuelling concerns about everything from (3) to the abuse of workers.
Such services—which enable users of a single site to (4) food from a swathe of local
restaurants—are expanding around the world. But in China the industry is on a tear. By the end
of June, the number of registered users had risen to 295m, 40% more than at the end of last year,
according to government analysts. The value of meals bought (5) was about $25bn in 2016 and
could (6) to around $36bn by the end of next year, says iiMedia, a research firm. The market
leaders are Meituan and Ele.me. Both still make losses in food delivery, but they have backing
from Tencent and Alibaba (7) — tech giants eager to find ways of pushing customers to their
dueling online payment systems.
Such businesses first began to take (8) in student dormitories. In these days young office-
workers are by far the biggest market. But there is much hand-wringing about the consequences
of their popularity. Officials say the couriers threaten road (9). They ride electric bikes which are
cheap, need no license and are handy in cities like Beijing that (10) the use of motorcycles.
Delivery people often mount pavements or drive (11) the flow of traffic to maximize earnings
during the lunchtime (12). Last month officials in Nanjing said meal delivery bikes in the eastern
city had been involved in more than 3,000 accidents in the first six months of the year. In one
district of Shanghai police have (13) a penalty-points system. They order those who acquire a
certain number of points to perform community (14). The police can ask couriers’
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employers to fire them.
Another worry is the welfare of delivery people, many of whom are migrants from the
countryside. In several ways they have it easier than other types of courier: food boxes are easier
to (15) than bulky parcels, and the recipients are always there. But China Labor Bulletin, an
NGO in Hong Kong, says meal deliverers have been staging growing numbers of protests about
poor treatment by their employers (usually subcontractors), including wages (16) late. Linking
their pay to customer ratings has also made it easy for customers to demand more of them than
they should: the purchase of groceries en route (17) their destinations, for example, or the
disposal of household rubbish.
Most hotly debated of late is the impact the business is having on the environment. Each day
about 65m meal-containers are (18), by one estimate. Campaigners object to the unwanted
cutlery, napkins and chopsticks that restaurants selling through online platforms habitually
bundle with orders. The Green Volunteer League of Chongqing, a Chinese NGO, says that food-
delivery sites have not made it easy enough for customers to refuse such sundries (the big
companies deny this). In September a court in Beijing agreed to examine whether they have (19)
consumers’ rights. There would be much less reason to worry about the mountains of waste if
households and local governments did a better job of keeping recyclables separate from gunk.
This year the central government ordered 46 cities to come (20) with new systems for sorting
rubbish, which it talks of making mandatory by 2020. That is progress, but only if it is
unwavering: over the years officials have found several similar campaigns all too easy to throw
out.
Part Two Reading Comprehension （本节含两小部分，共40 分）
Comics is a medium used to express ideas by images, often combined with text or other
visual information. Comics frequently takes the form of juxtaposed sequences（21）of panels of
images. Often textual devices such as speech balloons, captions, and onomatopoeia indicate
dialogue, narration, sound effects, or other information. Size and arrangement of panels
contribute to narrative pacing（22）. Cartooning and similar forms of illustration are the most
common image-making means in comics; fumetti is a form which uses photographic images.
Common forms of comics include comic strips, editorial and gag cartoons, and comic books.
Since the late 20th century, bound volumes such as graphic novels, comic albums, and tankōbon
have become increasingly common, and online web-comics have proliferated（23）in the 21st
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2018年硕士研究生招生考试试题科目代码及名称:621英语基础适用专业：英语语言文学（请考生在答题纸上答题，在此试题纸上答题无效）PartOneBlank-filling(本节共20分)ForeachblankinthefollowingpassageyouarerequestedtofillinonlyONEword.FastandDirtyFooddeliveryisaboomingbusiness.Wasteispilingup,too.ThreecouriersinhardhelmetscramintoanofficeliftinBeijing—onecladinred,oneinye...
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