杭州师范大学243二外英语2020年考研真题
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杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 招 生 考 试 命 题 纸
2020 年 考试科目代码 243 考试科目名称 二外英语 （本考试科目共 10 页，第1 页）
杭 州 师 范 大 学
2020 年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题
考试科目代码： 243
考试科目名称： 二外英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
Part I Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）(2×10=20 points)
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on
the Answer Sheet.
For questions 1 - 7, mark
Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8 - 10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
The Paradox of Happiness
It’s plain common sense ——the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience. It’s plain
common sense, but it’s not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really flip
sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that, coexisting , rise and fall independently.
“ You’d think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness, the lower their level of happiness and vice
versa,” says Edward Diener, a University of Illinois professor of psychology who has done much of the new
work on positive and negative emotions. But when Diener and other researchers measure people’s average
levels of happiness and unhappiness, they often find little relationship between the two.
The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can coexist much like love and hate in a close
relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life. It suggests, for example, that changing or
avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable but probably won’t make you any
happier. That advice is backed up by an extraordinarily series of studies which indicate that a genetic
predisposition for unhappiness may run in certain families. On the other hand, researchers have found,
happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s heritage. The capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for
yourself.
Psychologists have settled on a working definition of the feeling——happiness is a sense of subjective well-
being. They’ve also begun to find out who’s happy, who isn’t , and why. To date, the research hasn’t found a
simple recipe for a happy life, but it has discovered some of the actions and attitudes that seem to bring people
closer to that most desired of feelings.
In a number of studies of identical and fraternal twins, researchers have examined the role genetics plays in
happiness and unhappiness. The work suggests that although no one is really born to be happy, sadness may
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 招 生 考 试 命 题 纸
2020 年 考试科目代码 243 考试科目名称 二外英语 （本考试科目共 10 页，第2 页）
run in families.
In one University of Southern California study, psychologist Laura Baker and colleagues compared 899
individuals who had taken several commonly used tests for happiness and unhappiness. The men and women
included 105 pairs of identical and fraternal twins as well as grandparents, parents and young adult offspring
from more than 200 other families.
“Family members,” Baker reports, “resembled each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in their
levels of happiness.” Furthermore, identical twins were much closer than fraternal twins in unhappiness, a
finding that implies a genetic component.
In a study at the University of Minnesota, twins (some raised together and others who had grown up apart)
were tested for a wide range of personality traits. In terms of happiness——defined as the capacity to enjoy
life——identical twins who were separated soon after birth were considerably less alike than twins raise
together. But when it came to unhappiness, the twins raised apart——some without contact for as long as 64
years——were as similar as those who’d grown up together.
Why is unhappiness less influenced by environment? When we’re happy we are more responsive to people
and keep up connections better than when we’re feeling sad.
This doesn’t mean, however, that some people are born to be sad and that’s that. Genes may predispose one
to unhappiness, but disposition can be influenced by personal choice. You can increase your happiness through
your own actions.
In a series of experiments by psychologists John Reich and Alex Zautra at Arizona State University, they
asked students to select their favorite activities from a list of everyday pleasures——things like going to a
movie, talking with friends and playing cards.
Then the researchers instructed some of the subjects to increase the number of favorite activities they
participated in for one month (the other participants in the study served as controls and did not vary their
activity level). Results: Those who did more of the things they enjoyed were happier than those who didn’t.
The conclusion, then, is that the pleasure we get from life is largely ours to control.
1. The feeling of unhappiness may be genetic.
2. There is a strong relationship between levels of happiness and unhappiness in a person.
3. Researchers have found that happiness is inherited.
4. Unhappiness is less influenced by environment than it is by genetics.
5. It is impossible to increase your happiness.
6. We can control our own happiness.
7. The level of happiness may vary with gender.
8. Family members resembled each other more in their levels of unhappiness than in ____________.
9. _______people took part in the study conducted by University of Southern California.
10. Studiessuggest that in order to be happier, we need to increase the number of _______________.
Part II Vocabulary (0.5×20=10 points)
Directions:Choose the best answer you think most suitable to explain the underlined words or phrases in each
sentence . Please write down the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
11.There was an inclination to treat geography as a less important subject.
A) point B) tendency C) result D) finding
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 招 生 考 试 命 题 纸
2020 年 考试科目代码 243 考试科目名称 二外英语 （本考试科目共 10 页，第3 页）
12.New secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.
A) amazing B) depressing C) predictable D) dull
13.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.
A) furnish B) copy C) publish D) summarize
14. The group does not advocate the use of violence.
A)limit B) regulate C) oppose D) support
15.The original experiment cannot be exactly duplicate.
A) reproduced B) invented C) designed D) reported
16.The department deferred the decision for six months.
A) put off B) arrived at C) abide by D) protested against
17.The symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.
A) eased B) appeared C) improved D) relieved
18.The uniform makes the guards look absurd.
A)serious B) ridiculous C) beautiful D) impressive
19.Some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes.
A) silent B) motionless C) seated D) true
20.The country was torn apart by strife.
A) poverty B) war C) conflict D) economy
21.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.
A) act B) homework C) justice D) model
22.A person’s wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness.
A) equal B) certain C) large D) opposite
23.His professional career spanned 16 years.
A) started B) changed C) moved D) lasted
24.His stomach felt hollow with fear.
A) sincere B) respectful C) terrible D) empty
25.This was disaster on a cosmic scale.
A) modest B) huge C) commercial D) national
26.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down.
A) excitement B) anger C) calm D) disappointment
27.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid.
A) hidden B) inflexible C) traditional D) official
28.The majority of people around here are decent.
A) real B) honest C) normal D) wealthy
29.It was a magic night until the spell was broken.
A) time B) charm C) space D) opportunity
30.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.
A) prove B) discover C)consider D) imagine
Part III Grammar (1×20=20 points)
Directions: There are two passages in this section. Some indicated lines are correct while others contain a
mistake. Note that a line contains no more than ONE mistake. For the correct lines, put a tick (√) on the blanks
while for the wrong ones, you should correct it in the following way:
摘要：
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杭州师范大学硕士研究生招生考试命题纸2020年考试科目代码243考试科目名称二外英语（本考试科目共10页，第1页）杭州师范大学2020年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码：243考试科目名称：二外英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。PartIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）(2×10=20points)Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.Forques...
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