杭州师范大学-724综合英语【2016】考研真题
2023-06-20
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杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸
2016 年 考试科目代码 724 考试科目名称综合英语（本考试科目共 18页，第 1页）
杭 州 师 范 大 学
2016 年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题
考试科目代码： 724
考试科目名称： 综合英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Cloze（每小题 1分，共 30 分）
Directions: Fill in the blanks with proper words (the first letter is given).
Historians have only recently begun to note the increase in demand for
luxury goods and services that took place in eighteenth-century England.
McKendrick has explored the Wedgwood firm’s remarkable (1) s_______ in
marketing luxury pottery; Plumb has written about the proliferation of provincial
theaters, musical festivals, and children’s toys and books. While the fact of this
consumer revolution is hardly (2) i______ doubt, three key questions remain: who
were the consumers? What were their motives? And (3) w_______ were the effects
of the new demand (4) f_______ luxuries?
An answer (5) t_______ the first of these has (6) b_______ difficult to obtain.
Although it has been possible to (7) i_______ from the goods and services actually
produced what manufacturers and servicing trades thought their (8) c_______
wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers
will provide a precise picture of who wanted what. We will need to know how
large this consumer market was and (9) h_______ far down the social scale the
consumer for (10) l_______ goods penetrated. With (11) r_______ to this last
question, we might note in passing that Thompson, while rightly restoring
laboring people (12) t_______ the stage of eighteenth-century English history, has
probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸
2016 年 考试科目代码 724 考试科目名称综合英语（本考试科目共 18页，第 2页）
consumerism (13) i_______ general: for example, laboring people in
eighteenth-century England readily shifted (14) f_______ home-brewed beer to
standardized beer produced by huge, heavily capitalized urban breweries.
To answer the question of (15) w________ consumers became so eager to buy,
some historians have pointed to the ability of manufacturers to advertise in a
relatively uncensored press. This, however, hardly seems a sufficient (16)
a________. McKendrick favors a Veblen model of conspicuous consumption
stimulated by (17) c_______ for status. The ‘‘middling sort’’ bought (18) g_______
and services because they wanted to (19) f________ fashions (20) s_______ by the
rich. Again, we may (21) w_______ whether this explanation is sufficient. Do not
people enjoy (22) b_______ things as a form of self-gratification? If so,
consumerism could be (23) s_______ as a product of the (24) r______ of new
concept of individualism and materialism, but not necessarily of the frenzy for
conspicuous competition.
Finally, what were the consequences of this consumer demand for luxuries?
McKendrick claims that it goes a long (25) w_______ toward explaining the
coming of the (26) I_______ Revolution. But does it? What, for example, does the
production of high-quality pottery and toys have to do (27) w_______ the
development of iron manufacture and textile mills? It is perfectly possible to have
the psychology and reality of a (28) c______ society without a heavy industrial
sector.
That future exploration of these key (29) q_______ is undoubtedly necessary
should not, however, diminish the force of the conclusion of recent studies: the
insatiable (30) d_______ in eighteenth-century England for frivolous as well as
useful goods and services foreshadows our own world.
II. Reading Comprehension (每小题 2分，共 60 分)
Directions: There are 6 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked
A), B), C), and D). You should decide on the best choice and write the corresponding
letter on the answer sheet.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
Stratford-on-Avon, as we all know, has only one industry---William
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 命 题 纸
2016 年 考试科目代码 724 考试科目名称综合英语（本考试科目共 18页，第 3页）
Shakespeare---but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile
branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), which presents
superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the
Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not
to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway’s Cottage, Shakespeare’s
birthplace and the other sights.
The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to
their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC’s actors, them with their long hair
and beards and sandals and noisiness. It’s all deliciously ironic when you consider
that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor (with a beard) and
did his share of noise-making.
The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by
bus---and often take in WarwickCastle and BlenheimPalace on the side---don’t
usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in
Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight-seeing along with their
playgoing. It is the playgoers, the RSC contends, who bring in much of the town’s
revenue because they spend the night (some of them four or five nights) pouring
cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get
out of town by nightfall.
The townsfolk don’t see it this way and local council does not contribute
directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor
traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or
cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will
be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo
Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
Anyway, the townsfolk can’t understand why the Royal Shakespeare
Company needs a subsidy. (The theatre has broken attendance records for three
years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 per cent occupied all year long
and this year they’ll do better.) The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed
and ticket prices have stayed low.
It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the
young people who are Stratford’s most attractive clientele. They come entirely for
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杭州师范大学硕士研究生入学考试命题纸2016年考试科目代码724考试科目名称综合英语（本考试科目共18页，第1页）杭州师范大学2016年招收攻读硕士研究生入学考试题考试科目代码：724考试科目名称：综合英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。I.Cloze（每小题1分，共30分）Directions:Fillintheblankswithproperwords(thefirstletterisgiven).Historianshaveonlyrecentlybeguntonotetheincreaseindemandforluxurygoodsandservicesthatto...
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