广东财经大学804英语写作与翻译2023年考研真题
2024-02-11
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广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2023年 考试科目代码及名称：804-英语写作与翻译
适用专业：050201 英语语言文学
［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］
Part I Writing (100 分)
1.Summary Writing (40 分)
Directions: Read the following passage, and write a summary of about 300 words for
it in your own words. Directly copying sentences from the passage will result in
deduction of grades. Write down your summary on the Answer Sheet.
Understanding Culture
Theoretically, human verbal communication can be considered a process with two extreme
ends: intracultural communication and intercultural communication. However, communicators are
practically always between, closer or further to one of the ends, creating and interpreting meaning
by using their existing linguistic tools. So it would be a mistake to talk about a dichotomy.There is
no such thing as pure intracultural communication or intercultural communication. What we have
is something in between, on a continuum with the two hypothetical ends. I believe that this
approach can help us better understand ELF(English as Lingua Franca). But before we explain
how the continuum works we need to define culture as understood in this book. We adopt Bates
and Plog’s definition according to which culture is “the system of shared beliefs, norms, values,
customs, behaviors, and artifacts that the members of society use to cope with their world and with
one another” (1980: 6). However, culture cannot be seen as something that is “carved” in every
member of a particular society or community. It can be made, changed, manipulated, and dropped
on the spot. In fact, it is not culture that can be changed, manipulated, and dropped in talk and life
in general but its manifestation. Gumperz (1982) and Gumperz and Roberts (1991) talked about
the fact that “culture” is not present in communication in the “old” sense of a transcendent identity
that is composed of values and norms and linearly related to forms of behavior. Cultural
phenomena in speech are contingent, situational, and emergent in nature. The main argument of
the approach represented by Gumperz, Hymes, Blommaert, Rampton, and others is that there is no
single language, culture, or communicative style. What we have is language, culture, and
communicative style instantiated in several group and individual varieties. In intercultural
communication, speakers have a “repertoire” of varieties of styles, and a combination of styles,
which are deployed according to communicative needs in the changing context. The nationality or
ethnic membership of people may suggest the possibility of ethnic or cultural marking in
communicative behavior. However, the interplay of several different factors affects the emergence
of “ethnically” or “culturally marked” aspects of communicative behavior that is most frequently
dominated by other than cultural factors. This approach, however, should not mean that there is
nothing relatively stable and unifying in culture. On this issue, there is a significant difference
between the constructivist view represented by Blommaert, Gumperz, and Rampton and the socio-
cognitive approach promoted by Kecskes (2010, 2013, 2014). The difference between the
constructivist view and the socio-cognitive approach lies in the understanding of the nature of
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欢迎报考广东财经大学硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第1页共3页）1广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2023年 考试科目代码及名称：804-英语写作与翻译适用专业：050201英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］PartIWriting(100分)1.SummaryWriting(40分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andwriteasummaryofabout300wordsforitinyourownwords.Directlycopyingsentencesfromthepassagewil...
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