杭州师范大学718综合英语2020年考研真题
2024-02-11
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杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 招 生 考 试 命 题 纸
2020 年 考试科目代码 718 考试科目名称 综合英语 （本考试科目共 5 页，第1 页）
杭 州 师 范 大 学
2020 年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题
考试科目代码： 718
考试科目名称： 综合英语
说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Cloze（每小题1分，共50 分）
Fill in each of the blanks with a function word, otherwise the first letter is given as a clue.
Passage One: Instinct or cleverness?
We have been brought up to fear insects. We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than
good. We continually wage war (1) ______ them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our
crops. They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat
against our lighted windows. We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite
harmless ones like moths. Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears.
Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us (2) ______
being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling over a carefully prepared picnic lunch. No
matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees
possess, we have a horror of being (3) s______. Most of our fears are unreasonable, but they are impossible to
erase. At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating. We enjoy reading about them, especially
when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives. We enjoy staring (4) ______
them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) (5) ______ our presence. Who has not
stood in awe (6) ______ the sight of a spider pouncing (7) ______ a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly
bearing home an enormous dead beetle?
Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize
peach tree. The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house. I am especially proud (8)
______ it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces
luscious peaches. During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither. Clusters of
tiny insects called aphides were to be found on the underside of the leaves. They were visited by a large colony
of ants which obtained a sort of honey (9) ______ them. I immediately embarked on an experiment which,
杭 州 师 范 大 学 硕 士 研 究 生 招 生 考 试 命 题 纸
2020 年 考试科目代码 718 考试科目名称 综合英语 （本考试科目共 5 页，第2 页）
even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated (10) ______ twenty-four hours. I bound the base
of the tree with sticky tape, making (11) ______ impossible for the ants to reach the aphides. The tape was so
sticky (12) ______ they did not dare to cross it. For a long time, I watched them scurrying around the base of
the tree (13) ______ bewilderment. I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted (14) ______ satisfaction
(and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape (15) ______ being able to do anything
about it. I got up early next morning hoping to find (16) ______ the ants had given up in despair. Instead, I saw
that they had discovered a new (17) r______. They were climbing (18) ______ the wall of the house and then
on to the leaves of the tree. I realized sadly that I had been completely (19) d______ by their ingenuity. The
ants had been quick to find an (20) a______ to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
Passage Two: Cosmic Dust
We know the universe doesn’t revolve around us. But parts of it do, like household dust. This
continuously reproducing filth is comprised (1) _____ skin cells, hair, clothing fibres, dirt from outside, dust
mites, bacteria and chemicals that can stick (2) _____ any of these items.
As a child, one of my weekly chores was dusting the house. If you had told 12-year-old me that, at 37, I
would find dusting one of the most comforting things I do at home, I would have been very concerned about
exactly how awful adulthood is. But perhaps I might have worried less if I had also been told (3) _____ with
adulthood would come knowledge of cosmic dust, which is all over the universe and absolutely does not
revolve around us.
Space dust is part of a fascinating life cycle of structure formation in the universe: the emergence of stars
and planets, as well as their deaths. In the very early universe, gravity caused hydrogen and helium gas to
collapse into objects that often became densely packed enough ignite nuclear hydrogen burning which leads (4)
_____ star formation. The nuclear chain reactions that occur in stars produce elements heavier (5) _____
hydrogen and helium, like carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Even heavier elements, like neon and titanium, are
made in the supernova explosions that can occur at the end (6) _____ a star’s life.
These explosions blow stardust made of these elements – most commonly silicon and carbon – out into
the universe. Some of it leads to solar system formation, producing the extrasolar planets we are increasingly
capable of observing. In the case (7) _____ our local star, the sun, that solar system sprouted life on the third-
innermost planet, Earth.
Some of the dust helps form the next-generation stars that burn a little differently than their forebears
because some of the elements they contain are heavier.
One thing cosmic dust does have in common (8) _____ household dust is that it can be annoying.
An ongoing issue in astronomy observations is figuring out how to learn about objects – from planets to stars –
that are obscured (9) _____ cosmic dust in what we call our line of sight, the path of light travelling from that
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杭州师范大学硕士研究生招生考试命题纸2020年考试科目代码718考试科目名称综合英语（本考试科目共5页，第1页）杭州师范大学2020年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码：718考试科目名称：综合英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。I.Cloze（每小题1分，共50分）Fillineachoftheblankswithafunctionword,otherwisethefirstletterisgivenasaclue.PassageOne:Instinctorcleverness?Wehavebeenbroughtuptofearinsects.Weregardthema...
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